1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на временную форму глагола. Выпишите сказуемое и укажите его время.

1. When fire brigades arrived, the residents had already lefttheir apartments.

2. The high temperature drives off flammable gases from the wood, paint, fabrics.

3. In this article we will look at wildfires.

4. Dr Clark has developed a computer model showing wind moving.

5. The fire brigade is extinguishing a fire now.

6. First chemical engine carried two 50-gallons tanks of soda and acid.

7. The members of both crews had received their training at different times and by different instructors before.

8. That time I was living in the country near the lake.

9. Over the years, tornadoes have caused death and damage in the Midwest of the USA.

2. Составьте 2 общих вопроса, 2 специальных вопроса и 2 отрицательных предложения к утверждениям из Задания 1.

3. Поставьте прилагательные, данные в скобках, в соответствующую степень сравнения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Cadets think that officer N. is (experienced) in this field.

2. The world’s population is getting (big).

3. Children and disabled persons are (high) risk group during the fire.

4. The problem of feeding all the people in the world is getting (bad).

5. Fire prevention is not (little) important than firefighting tactics.

6. Many of the world’s seas, rivers and lakes are becoming (polluted).

4. Переведите слова на русский язык и определите, к каким частям речи они относятся

1. notice – noticeable – noticeably

2. oxide – oxidize – oxidation

3. react – reaction – reactivity

4. ventilate – ventilation

5. develop – development – undeveloped

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He is to make a report on Friday.

2. Combustion can keep itself alive despite a lack of oxygen.

3. You will be allowed to use dictionaries at your English exam next year.

4. Women have to do military service for three years in Israel.

5. Fire service must use modern department.

6. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык. Подчеркните сказуемое в страдательном залоге.

1. This new machine is much spoken about.

2. They have been supplied with all necessary firefighting equipment.

3. The report will be followed by a discussion.

4. Passengers are not allowed to smoke in cabins.

5. The first aerial ladder was raised manually by hand cranks.

7. Перепишите предложения, выбрав причастие нужной формы. Укажите вид причастия. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Last year I read his book (translating, translated) into Russian.

2. He doesn’t understand these instructions. He is (confusing, confused).

3. The floor was covered with (burning, burnt) paper.

8. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод герундия.

1. A voltmeter is used for measuring electrical force.

2. The company specializes in manufacturing fire equipment.

3. Phosphine is prepared by heating white phosphorus in a concentrated solution of sodium hydroxide.

4. Sulphur is hardened by being mixed with a little copper.

5. Phosphorus burns in chlorine without being lighted.

9. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните инфинитив. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1. The intention of the author is to show some new methods.

2. The first scientist to discover this phenomenon is N.

3. He is considered to be one of the best in his profession.

4. Crookes was the first to recognize the cathode rays as negatively charged particles.

5. It is usually rather difficult to get nitrogen to combine with other elements.

6. The effect is too small to be detected.

10. Прочитайте текст.

Portable Fire Extinguishers

Portable fire extinguishers are designed to fight small incipient fires or unusual ones that are not easily put out by water. The use of portable fire extinguishers is important for two reasons. First, firefighters use them on certain unusual fires that hoselines cannot put out and, second, citizens can use them to fight small fires before the fire department arrives. Firefighters must know how to use them and be able to teach others to use them. When used by untrained persons, fire extinguishers have been ineffective and dangerous, and have created deadly delays in calling the fire department. Proper instruction on the use of fire extinguishers can improve the effectiveness of a fire department and reduce the costly effects of fire.

 Firefighters usually use hoses and water to fight fires and extinguishers are used only occasionally. Still when an extinguisher is needed, knowledge and skill are required if the unit is to be used properly and this requires practice. Firefighters must pay careful attention in training sessions and practice using extinguisher-operating skills whenever possible.

Many types of fire extinguishers are available for purchase and use today. Which is the best type of extinguisher depends on many factors and each should be considered prior to placing an extinguisher to use. The wrong extinguisher can be worse than no extinguisher.

 Factors for selecting an extinguisher are the fuel, the people using it, and the building or place where it will be used. The first factor to consider is the type and amounts of fuels present that reveal what kind of fire to anticipate. The amount of fuel determines size; the wrong size extinguisher will not completely extinguish the fire.

Another factor is the construction of the building and its occupancy that identifies the hazards and conditions to protect.

A final factor would be the type of equipment protected and its ability to be cleaned without excessive damage.

11. Найдите в тексте (задание № 10) и выпишите английские эквиваленты к данным словосочетаниям.                    

1. небольшой пожар в начальной стадии

2. рукавная линия

3. улучшить эффективность

4. уменьшить материальный ущерб от пожара

5. период обучения и практика

6. имеющиеся в продаже

7. зависеть от

8. выбор огнетушителя

9. горючее вещество

10. рассматривать, обдумывать

11. выявлять

12. конструкция здания

13. опасность

14. чрезмерный ущерб

15. требовать

12. Закончите предложения, выбрав подходящее словосочетание. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

considers               depends on                      reduces

improves               reveals

1. Selecting an extinguisher _____ several factors.

2. Proper use of a fire extinguisher _____ the effectiveness of firefighting process.

3. The type of fuel _____ the kind of fire.

4. The proper instruction on the use of fire extinguishers _____ the costly effects of fire.

5. While extinguishing fire a firefighter ______ the type of the fuel, the construction of the building and the type of equipment.

13. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту из задания №10.

1. What are portable fire extinguishers designed for?

2. Why is the use of portable extinguishers important?

3. What can happen if a portable extinguisher is used by untrained persons?

4. Which factors should be considered for selecting an extinguisher?

5. Why is it important to consider fuel as the first factor of selecting extinguisher?

14. Переведите предложения на английский язык, пользуясь лексикой текста (задание №10).

1. Выбор огнетушителя зависит от типа и количества горчего вещества.

2. Переносные огнетушители в основном используются для тушения небольших пожаров в начальной стадии.

3. В наши дни много типов огнетушителей имеется в продаже.

4. Для того, чтобы улучшить эффективность работы с огнетушителем необходима практика.

5. Неправильный выбор огнетушителя может вызвать чрезмерный ущерб от пожара.

15. Прочитайте текст и составьте реферат на английском языке, опираясь на следующий план:

1. Название статьи, автор.

The title of the article is …– Заголовок статьи…

The article under discussion is … – Статья, которую мне сейчас хочется обсудить ...

The author of the article is … – Автор статьи …

It is written by … – Она написана …

2. Тема, логические части.

The topic of the article is … – Тема статьи …

The article under discussion is devoted to the problem … – Статью, которую мы обсуждаем, посвящена проблеме …

The author in the article touches upon the problem of … – В статье автор затрагивает проблему ...

The article under discussion may be divided into several logically connected parts which are … – Статья может быть разделена на несколько логически взаимосвязанных частей, таких как …

3. Краткое содержание.

At the beginning of the story the author describes … - В начале истории автор описывает … (depicts – изображает, touches upon – затрагивает, explains – объясняет, introduces – знакомит, mentions – упоминает, recalls – вспоминает,

makes a few critical remarks on – делает несколько критических замечаний о …)

The story begins (opens) with a description of … – История начинается с описания … (statement – заявления, introduction of – представления, the mention of – упоминания, the analysis of a summary of – краткого анализа, the characterization of – характеристики)

The scene is laid in … – Действие происходит в …

In conclusion the author dwells on … – В заключении автор останавливается на … (points out – указывает на то, generalizes – обобщает, reveals – показывает, accuses/blames – обвиняет, gives a summary of – дает обзор).

4. Отношение автора к отдельным моментам.

The author gives full coverage to … – Автор полностью охватывает …

The author asserts that … – Автор утверждает, что …

The author resorts to … to underline … – Автор прибегает к …, чтобы …

Let me give an example… – Позвольте мне привести пример …

5. Ваш вывод.

The message of the article is that …/ The main idea of the article is … – Основная идея статьи (послание автора)…

In conclusion I’d like to … – В заключение я хотел бы …

My own attitude to this article is … – Мое личное отношение к этой статье...

I fully agree with / I don’t agree with – Я полностью согласен с / Я не согласен с …

I have found the article dull / important / interesting /of great value – Я нахожу статью скучной / важной / интересной / имеющей большое значение (ценность)

He works best who knows his trade

The Monroeville Fire Department's Rescue team arrived at the scene of an apartment building in the early morning hours to find heavy smoke and fire venting out of a basement apartment. The building was a garden apartment structure with two storeys in the front and three in the rear because of the topography, since it was built into a hillside. Each floor had four apartments between stairwells. Firewalls or separation walls protected each stairwell. The basement apartment was fully involved in the rear. The crew stretched a preconnected 1,5-inch hoseline through the front door and down the steps to attack the fire and protect the interior.

The other first-alarm units arrived and began normal fire ground operations, search and rescue, water supply, ventilation, and secondary fire attack lines. The arriving chief quickly ordered the second alarm.

Upon my arrival, on a second-alarm engine, the fire had autoextended up the rear of the building, entering the cockloft, and was venting through the roof in several areas. The third alarm was sounded. We were assigned the task of stretching a 2-inch handline up the southern stairwell, pulling the ceiling, and supporting the firewall. By supporting the firewall, I mean we were to ensure that the fire did not get past us into the next set of apartments. A second engine company with a 1-inch handline assisted us. Although an uncommon procedure today, we operated for the duration of our SCBA bottles, exited for fresh bottles twice, and returned.

After our third SCBA bottle we exited the building and were told to take a break. By this time the fire was under control, forward extension stopped, and the fire would just require overhaul. It was daybreak. The scene in the daylight was impressive. At the height of the fire, three elevated master streams had operated over the main body of fire while six handlines supported interior firewalls, preventing further horizontal fire spread.

What I saw and experienced reinforced everything I had learned from fire academy instructors and through training. For a safe and effective outcome, the suppression of fires requires a coordinated attack, with crews working under a controlled command system and all personnel carrying out the assignments given them. Firefighters must understand the importance of fire suppression techniques and understand the role they play on the fire scene. At this fire, spread was prevented by the incident commander knowing the proper application of fireground tactics and the firefighters understanding suppression methods, application of water, and working as a team.

Street Story by James Angle, Chief, Palm Harbor

Fire Department, Palm Harbor, Florida

basement apartment – квартира на цокольном этаже

garden apartment structure – жилое строение в саду

firewall – брандмауэр

first alarm – первый сигнал пожарной тревоги

autoextend – самораспространиться (об огне)

handline – рукавная линия небольшого диаметра

SCBA bottle – баллон дыхательного аппарата автономного действия

master stream – сплошная струя

suppression – тушение пожаров

fireground tactics – противопожарная тактика

suppression methods – способы тушения